Researchers have developed a soft robot that can repeatedly jump while exposed to infrared light. The small, teardrop-shaped machine uses flexible materials and stored elastic energy instead of conventional motors or a complex reset mechanism.
The robot combines a liquid crystal elastomer ribbon with a V-shaped aluminium tube. Infrared light causes the ribbon to contract and twist, storing energy until it is suddenly released. The movement launches the robot into the air, after which it returns to its starting shape and begins the cycle again.
Researchers can change the robot’s behaviour by adjusting the angle of the V-shaped section. A wider angle encourages crawling, while smaller angles support forward or vertical jumps. Adding a small weight can also improve stability and distance.
Early demonstrations showed movement across grass, sand, rocks, mulch, slopes and obstacles. Light intensity provides another control, although excessive intensity can make the jumps less predictable.
The technology remains experimental, but its self-resetting design could eventually support swarm robotics, environmental navigation and movement across difficult terrain. The study shows how simple materials can create complex motion without traditional mechanical systems.